An Exploratory Research Study on the Utilization of ChatGPT by Turkish Learners of Korean: A Focus on Learner Experiences and Perceptions

ABSTRACT

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have led to transformative changes in language education. While numerous studies have explored ChatGPT’s role in English learning, little is known about its use in less commonly taught languages such as Korean. Research on learners’ ethical awareness when engaging with AI tools is also limited. To address these gaps, this study explores how Turkish learners of Korean perceive and use ChatGPT in their learning, with attention to learner-centered practices and ethical awareness. A 13-item open-ended questionnaire was administered to 63 second-, third-, and fourth-year students in a Korean Language and Literature program at a university in Türkiye. Thematic analysis focused on five themes: learner experience, ChatGPT’s performance, integration into learning, ethical awareness, and general evaluation. Findings demonstrate that students view ChatGPT as a beneficial tool for grammar, vocabulary, and writing, linking its accessibility to increased motivation. However, ethical reflection was limited, especially regarding potential risks. By focusing on Korean—a linguistically and culturally distinct language—this study contributes to the underexplored literature on AI in less commonly taught languages and offers insights into integrating ChatGPT into instruction with structured ethical support.