Alkenyl and Aryl Aluminum Reagents: Preparation, Reactivity, and Applications in Organic Synthesis

ABSTRACT

Functionalized alkenyl and aryl organoaluminum compounds are powerful nucleophilic reagents in modern synthetic organic and medicinal chemistry due to their functional‐group tolerance and excellent control over reactivity and regioselectivity. This review paper describes recent developments in their synthesis methods, industrial procedure design, and late‐stage functionalization, with emphasis on halogen–metal exchange, oxidative metal insertion, transmetalation, directed C─H alumination, hydroalumination, and carboalumination. A variety of organoaluminum reagents play a key role in transition‐metal‐catalyzed carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bond formation, as well as in cross‐coupling reactions. Developments in catalytic or noncatalytic methods and attractive strategies have expanded their applicability to the construction of chiral molecules. The reactivity, selectivity, and stability of organoaluminum reagents demonstrate the growing potential of organoaluminum chemistry for efficient, practical routes to functional group transformations and late‐stage modification of alkenes and aromatic molecules.