Adopting Electric Road Technologies and Energy Systems for the Electrification of Municipal Electric Buses

The electrification of road transportation has been widely proposed as a viable strategy for minimizing fossil fuel dependency and the environmental impacts of traditionally powered motor vehicles. This strategy has led to the increased adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), such as electric cars, electric buses (e-buses), electric trucks (e-trucks), etc., in cities, as they are more sustainable. Initiatives directed towards the electrification of vehicles can contribute towards sustainable transportation. One of these initiatives is the development of electric road systems (ERSs), which enable roadways to supply electric power to electric vehicles when the vehicles are in motion. The deployment of ERSs has developed as an alternative to address issues that negatively impact the adoption of EVs, such as long charging times, higher costs, short driving ranges, etc. Accordingly, this article explores the literature to understand how to ensure the reliable and safe operation of future electric road technologies and system deployments in municipalities. This study examines how ERSs power e-buses without relying solely on batteries. Additionally, this article analyzes the technological, legal, political, economic, and social factors that impact the electrification of road transport. Grounded in the literature, this study suggests that ERSs offer a cost-effective option to electrify heavy-duty transport, such as e-buses and e-trucks. The study provides insights for road authorities, municipalities, and policymakers to improve ERS deployment strategies, ensuring sustainable transportation while decarbonizing road transport.