Adjustable soliton states via interaction-induced relative phase shifts in a Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain

We investigate the interaction characteristics of solitons on a spin-wave background with various nonlinear magnetic excitations in a Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain with twisting interactions. We show that interactions with spatially periodic Akhmediev breathers generate an additional phase contribution, which reconstructs the relative phase between the soliton and the spin-wave background and consequently induces structural deformation and state transitions. In contrast, interactions with spatially non-periodic Kuznetsov–Ma breathers, and rogue waves do not modify the relative phase and therefore preserve the soliton state. An explicit analytical expression for the additional phase is derived, and its magnitude is found to depend on the initial relative phase of the soliton, the number of magnons carried by the soliton excitation, and the spatial periodicity of the breather. Based on these parameters, phase diagrams are constructed to characterize relative-phase-controlled soliton-state transitions. These findings reveal the role of interaction-induced additional phases in governing magnetic soliton-state transitions and may be relevant for future magnonic information-processing schemes.