Adaptive Microgrid Formation Considering Voltage/Frequency Regulation Capability and Breaker Switching Limits

With the large-scale integration of distributed generation (DG) and the fast development of microgrid technologies, microgrid formation (MF) attracts attention. However, existing MF methods neglect the DG’s voltage/frequency-forming and regulation capabilities and the limits of the number of breaker switching actions (NBSA). This results in insufficient load restoration quantity and infeasible MF. To address the above issues, this paper proposes an adaptive MF strategy considering the DG’s voltage/frequency-forming and regulation capabilities and the NBSA limits. First, a model for voltage/frequency-forming and regulation capabilities is established to ensure successful MF and enable the formed microgrid to adapt to power disturbances during its islanded operation, thereby ensuring MF and its reliable islanded operation and maximizing the load restoration quantity. Second, a constraint model for NBSA is established to avoid excessive NBSA and satisfy distribution network requirements for the limits of NBSA, ensuring the feasibility of the MF. Then, an improved Kruskal algorithm is employed for solving. Finally, simulations are conducted on the MATLAB platform using an improved IEEE 33-bus distribution network. The results show that, compared with traditional methods, the proposed method can maximize the load restoration quantity and avoid excessive NBSA, while ensuring the feasibility of MF and its reliable islanded operation.