Adaptive fuzzy PID control with full variable universe and anti-windup based on high-frequency response pilot-operated electro-hydraulic proportional directional valve

The high-frequency response pilot-operated electro-hydraulic proportional directional valve (HFRPPV) serves as a critical component in the hydraulic systems of high-end power equipment, and its control precision and response speed significantly impact the performance of the hydraulic system. In traditional fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, the thresholds of the fuzzy controller are fixed and cannot automatically adjust their range based on the system error and its change rate. To enhance the control performance of fuzzy PID systems, an adaptive fuzzy PID control with full variable universe and anti-windup (AFPID_FVU_AW) is proposed. The structure and operating principle are introduced, and its mathematical model is constructed. Building upon traditional fuzzy PID control, a scaling factor function was incorporated into the input and output of the fuzzy control algorithm, and an anti-windup module was added to the output of the PID controller. In the simulation model of the HFRPPV control system, the performance of fuzzy PID and AFPID_FVU_AW control was compared and analyzed across four aspects: pulse width modulation (PWM) duty cycle, pressure in the chambers at both ends of the main spool, displacement of the main spool, and output flow of the main valve. An experimental testing platform was established to validate the effectiveness and correctness of the simulation model. Experimental results indicate that during continuous step variations, both control strategies exhibit comparable control accuracy. However, AFPID_FVU_AW demonstrates significant superiority over fuzzy PID in terms of overshoot, response time, and stability, proving that the proposed control strategy can effectively enhance control performance. The AFPID_FVU_AW control strategy addresses the shortcomings of conventional fuzzy PID control, namely its poor adaptability, significant overshoot, and sluggish response. It represents a substantial theoretical innovation with considerable practical application value.