Acromegaly in Northeastern Romania: Clinical Characteristics, Therapeutic Management, and Disease Control in a Tertiary Center

Acromegaly is a rare chronic endocrine disorder characterized by delayed diagnosis, multisystem comorbidity, and heterogeneous therapeutic response. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, tumor profile, treatment patterns, biochemical control, pituitary insufficiencies, and comorbidity burden in an endocrinology tertiary center in northeastern Romania. This observational retrospective study included 87 adult patients admitted for general inpatient evaluation between December 2023 and November 2024, with retrospective data collected from diagnosis and follow-up assessed through the last available hospital visit at St. Spiridon Clinical Emergency Hospital. Clinical, hormonal, imaging, and therapeutic data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistical tests. Most patients were diagnosed in middle adulthood, with a female predominance. Macroadenomas and extrasellar extension were common, consistent with advanced tumor stage at presentation. Treatment was predominantly multimodal, with surgery as the main therapeutic intervention and somatostatin receptor ligands as the main medical treatment backbone. Biochemical improvement was observed over time, although complete remission was achieved only in a subset of patients. These findings describe the clinical and therapeutic complexity of acromegaly in a single tertiary-center inpatient cohort and support the need for individualized long-term monitoring.