DOI: 10.1039/d6nr00510a ISSN: 2040-3364

Acid–base etching of vinasse-derived precursors for high-performance hard carbon anodes in sodium-ion batteries

Wenjing Xu, YuSha Gao, Zhangliu Tian, Ce Zhou, Yue Tan, Le Wu, Yue Guan, Wei Zhao, Meng Wang, Fuqiang Huang

Vinasse is upgraded via an acid–base treatment: H 2 SO 4 removes hemicellulose/metal impurities, while NaOH eliminates silica/modulates lignin. The resulting hard carbon achieves 349.4 mAh g −1 with 83.6% capacity retention over 2000 cycles in SIBs.

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