Abstract 15088: Presence and Severity of Subclinical Atherosclerotic Disease in the Primary Prevention of the Oncologic Population

Introduction: There is scarce evidence about endothelial dysfunction and damage in patients with a history of cancer in cardiovascular primary prevention and the impact in the development of Subclinical Atherosclerotic Disease (SCAD).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on a registry of patients enrolled in primary prevention who had a Doppler ultrasound (DUS) screening for SCAD in the carotid and ileofemoral territory from 09/2020 to 04/2023. Inclusion criteria: 18 years old or older. Exclusion criteria: Previous cardiovascular and/or cerebrovascular event. History of cancer was defined as active or remitted cancer, excluding basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma. Population was divided in two, G1: non-oncologic group; G2 oncologic group. SCAD was defined as the presence of more than 1 atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid and/or ileofemoral territory. Univariate and bivariate analysis were done to establish population characteristics.

Results: A total of 7920 patients were included: 7694 in G1 and 226 in G2 (97.15% vs 2.85%). G2 patients were older, mostly women and had higher prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia. Clinical characteristics and findings of the DUS are shown in Table1. A linear regression was done to assess the total plaque area compared to oncologic history, adjusted for age, sex, smoking history, dyslipidemia, obesity, sedentarism, diabetes, and hypertension. Results show that history of cancer is a predictor for SCAD (OR=1.43 [IC 95%: 1.1-1.9], p=0.021). Cancer also seems to be associated with a higher number of territories affected by SCAD (OR=1.63 [IC 95%: 1.2-2.1], 0.001) adjusted for age, sex, tobacco use, obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, sedentarism, and hypertension.

Conclusions: Patients with history of cancer had more SCAD. Cancer behaved as a predisposing factor for increased plaque presence and area, adjusted for classic risk factors. This raises the need for more intensive control of SCAD in cancer patients.