Abstract 12993: Higher Risk of Heart Failure in Patients With Sickle Cell Disease

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a known risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a major cardiovascular complication in patients with SCD. A high-output cardiac state and increased systemic vascular resistance in SCD patients lead to ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. The subject of this study is to examine the risk of developing CHF in SCD when compared to patients without SCD using the All of Us Database.

Methods: We conducted a propensity score matching (PSM) analysis to evaluate the effect of sickle cell disease (SCD) on the risk of developing congestive heart failure (CHF) in a cohort of 287,012 American individuals enrolled in the All of Us database. Covariates for matching included age, gender, race, ethnicity, income level, education level, marital status, cigarette exposure, alcohol exposure, drug exposure, and comorbidities. The resulting control group (n=761) was matched to the SCD patient group (n=761) based on propensity scores. A logistic regression analysis was then conducted to determine the association between SCD and CHF, adjusting for significant factors.

Results: The logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between SCD and CHF. In the unadjusted model, SCD patients had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.42 (95% CI: 1.09-1.84, p=0.009) for developing CHF compared to the control group. After adjusting for age group, income, marital status, drug exposure, and modified Charlson comorbidity index, the adjusted OR was 1.60 (95% CI: 1.20-2.15, p=0.002).

Conclusion: Patients with SCD had an increased risk of developing CHF, compared to propensity score-matched controls.