Abstract 12600: COVID-19 Hospitalizations With and Without Pulmonary Hypertension: An Analysis of the 2020 Nationwide Inpatient Database

Introduction: Among individuals with active SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection, emerging evidence suggests that pulmonary hypertension (pHTN) of any etiology may be associated with poor outcomes. We studied the in-hospital population with pHTN and COVID-19 infection.

Hypothesis: Studying the impact of COVID-19 on pHTN patients is essential and may inform optimizing patient management and improving outcomes.

Methods: We derived our sample using the 2020 National Inpatient Sample Database (NIS) discharge data. Our population was patients with a primary admission diagnosis of COVID-19 identified using the ICD 10 code U071. We divided this sample into two groups based on a secondary diagnosis of pHTN or no pHTN. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to account for confounders and estimate the probability of our outcomes.

Results: There were 1,058,815 primary hospitalizations for COVID-19, and 2.37% (25,070) had pHTN, with a female predominance of 56.8% and a mean age of 71.3 years ±14.7. By ethnicity, 58.7% were Caucasians, 22.1% were Blacks, and 12.9% were Hispanics. Following multivariate analysis, we found that pHTN was associated with significantly higher odds of pulmonary embolism (PE), adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.2 (1.9-2.5, p<0.0001), cardiogenic shock 3.2 (2.4-4-2, p<0.0001), acute respiratory failure 1.7 (1.6-1.8, p<0.0001), Invasive mechanical ventilation, 1.6 (1.5-1.7, p<0.0001), and in-hospital mortality 1.7 (1.6-1.9, p<0.0001).

Conclusion: Our study showed that pulmonary hypertension was associated with significantly higher odds of acute respiratory failure, invasive mechanical ventilation, pulmonary embolism, cardiac shock, and in-hospital mortality in patients admitted for COVID-19. Particular emphasis on preventive measures cannot be overemphasized in this group.