A Voltage‐Lifting‐Based Ultra‐High Gain DC‐DC Converter With Super‐Twisting Sliding Mode Control for Electric Vehicle Applications

ABSTRACT

Ultra‐high‐gain DC–DC converters are increasingly required to meet the high‐voltage conversion needs of modern electric vehicle powertrains. This work proposes a high step‐up DC–DC converter intended for fuel‐cell‐fed EV applications. The converter combines a quadratic boosting cell with voltage‐lift action to obtain a large conversion ratio. Using two switches, two inductors, six diodes, and the required capacitor network, the topology provides nearly 18‐time voltage gain at a 0.5 duty ratio. Furthermore, a theoretical examination of converter functionality in both discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) and continuous conduction mode (CCM) is furnished. The topology offers high efficiency, large voltage boosting capability, and lower semiconductor voltage stress. The proposed layout outperforms competing high step‐up converters in terms of efficiency, voltage gain, and voltage stress at the component level. To ensure robust and reliable operation, a super‐twisting sliding mode control (ST‐SMC) technique is employed, providing fast dynamic response, reduced chattering, and strong disturbance rejection under varying operating conditions. A 250 W laboratory prototype is created and experimentally tested under both open‐loop and closed‐loop working situations to validate the suggested converter architecture. Comprehensive theoretical analysis and experimental investigations are carried out to evaluate the efficiency and overall performance of the converter. The measured results closely follow the analytical predictions, confirming high efficiency and stable operation. Consequently, the proposed converter is well suited for FCEV applications due to its superior efficiency and robust control performance. Supports SDG 7 and SDG 13 through efficient, clean fuel‐cell transportation.