A Unified Multiplicative Correction Framework for Indirect Tensile Strength in Brazilian Disc and Ring Tests

Finite loading contact, annular geometry, fracture‐process‐zone (FPZ) development, material anisotropy, contact length, and interaction between machine and specimen stiffness can affect indirect tensile‐strength measurements from Brazilian disc test (BDT) and Brazilian ring test (BRT). In this study, we develop a unified multiplicative correction framework that includes these effects in a common formulation for BDT and BRT configurations. The framework incorporates contact–geometry interaction, annular geometric degradation, an effective FPZ correction, anisotropy, contact‐length effects, and an effective machine–specimen compliance correction. The model was calibrated with 72 specimens of light gray granite (LGG) and white marble (WM) tested at three different annularity levels, η = 0, 0.29/0.30, and 0.40. We carried out finite element simulations for the six configurations studied to assess the consistency of the corrected response with the calculated stress state. The results demonstrate a systematic decrease in the classical indirect tensile strength estimate following the proposed corrections, and the relative contribution of individual factors depends on specimen geometry and material response. The framework offers a geometry‐dependent formulation to compare Brazilian disc and ring configurations and explicitly defines the effective nature and limits of calibration for the correction parameters. Before generalizing, further validation with independently measured contact evolution, direct FPZ characterization, alternative machine stiffnesses, and independent datasets is needed.