A Source-Load-Storage Alternating Coordinated Low-Carbon Economic Dispatch Method with Response-Gap Negative-Feedback Dual Incentives

High-penetration renewable energy integration intensifies net-load fluctuations, renewable energy curtailment, and carbon-emission control challenges in power system dispatch. To improve low-carbon operation and source-load-storage coordination, this study proposes a two-layer alternating coordinated dispatch method with response-gap negative-feedback dual incentives. The dispatch-side layer jointly optimizes thermal generation, wind and photovoltaic power, carbon capture and storage, and ladder-type carbon trading, while the load-storage layer coordinates demand response and energy storage through peak-shaving and renewable-accommodation incentives. Unlike static incentives or dynamic schemes driven only by demand indices, the proposed mechanism updates incentive prices according to the deviation between dispatch-side expected response and load-storage-side realized response. The reconstructed net load is then fed back to the dispatch side, forming a closed-loop alternating coordination process. A typical-day case study shows that, compared with Scenario 1, the proposed method reduces the dispatch-side operating cost by 2.89% and net carbon emissions by 20.4%, while increasing the overall renewable energy accommodation rate by approximately 21.5 percentage points. Sensitivity and uncertainty tests further indicate that the main economic, emission-reduction, and renewable-accommodation benefits remain robust under different lower-layer preference weights and moderate demand-response uncertainty.