A Scoping Review of In-Vehicle VR Sickness Factors: A Multidisciplinary Perspective

Mitigating in-vehicle VR sickness is a critical challenge for the use of immersive content in autonomous vehicles. In this study, to solve in-vehicle VR sickness, the cause of motion sickness in each field is identified by conducting a scoping review in three fields (medicine, control engineering, and computer engineering). As a result of the confirmation, motion sickness was defined in all three academic fields based on the theory of sensory conflict and posture instability, so we defined and identified seven major SFs based on these universal theories. Based on the defined SF, the analysis of the current research trend confirmed that there is an important research gap that shows that motion-induced motion sickness (MIMS) research focuses on the dynamic control of the vehicle while at the same time overlooks cognitive-sensory factors such as Mismatched Environmental Perception and feedback prediction error. At the same time, visually induced motion sickness (VIMS) research is focused on rendering control elements, which often reduces user immersion. This review suggests the need to focus not only on approaching the form of motion sickness in the vehicle, but also on the possible sensory-cognitive conflict of the passenger in the vehicle. By connecting the three academic fields related to motion sickness, it provides a strategic roadmap for the final in-vehicle content control system. Ultimately, this framework is expected to serve as a fundamental technology resource for in-vehicle content viewing, laying the groundwork for in-vehicle VR content consumption.