A Scalable Platform for Massively Parallel Superconducting Single‐Photon Detection
You Xiao, Zhen Wan, Dianpeng Wang, Jianjian Zhu, Huiqin Yu, Shuna Wang, Zhiyun Shu, Chaomeng Ding, Hongxin Xu, Jia Huang, Jiamin Xiong, Xiaoyu Liu, Lingyun Li, Lixing You, Hao LiABSTRACT
The scaling of photonic quantum technologies, including quantum networks and optical quantum computing, necessitates high‐fidelity and massively parallel single‐photon detection. While superconducting nanowire single‐photon detectors (SNSPDs) provide state‐of‐the‐art performance, their large‐scale deployment is often hindered by stringent cryogenic requirements and integration complexity. In this work, we present a parallel architecture designed to overcome the scalability bottlenecks. Experimentally, we demonstrate the largest SNSPD system to date, comprising 100 channels operating stably below 2.1 K within a compact Gifford‐McMahon cryocooler. All channels exhibit exceptional performance, achieving system detection efficiencies (SDE) between 80.1% and 98.3%, with dark count rates (DCR) maintained below 300 cps. Furthermore, leveraging this parallel capability, we demonstrate a fully connected multi‐user quantum entanglement distribution network. This work establishes a robust and scalable infrastructure, paving the way for large‐scale quantum photonic applications.