A Review: Synthetic Pathways and Biological Activities of Oxo-imidazoline Derivatives in New Millennium

Abstract:

Imidazoline is often a heterogeneous 5-membered ring structure with two nitrogen atoms. The heterocyclic compounds with an imidazoline moiety are a promising scaffold for investigating medicinal potential. The imidazoline nucleus with an oxo group at the 5th, 2nd, or 4th position exhibits a wide spectrum of antibacterial and antifungal activity, as well as antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, analgesic, antihypertensive, antioxidant, and enzyme-inhibiting properties. Oxo-imidazoline derivatives are a fascinating class of chemicals that have attracted a lot of research recently because of their numerous biological actions. The primary objective of this paper is to review the synthesis and diverse biological activity of oxo-imidazoline derivatives literature from previous years. The synthesis of oxo-imidazoline derivatives is a prominent topic of study in organic chemistry because of their wide range of biological activity and possible medical uses. This review provides an extensive overview of synthetic pathways employed to prepare oxo-imidazoline derivatives with excellent biological activities. Oxo-imidazoline derivatives are synthesized using a variety of techniques, including oxidative cyclization, amino acid cyclization, base-catalyzed, diamine ring closure metal-catalyzed cyclizations, and so on are discussed in this review. This review also emphasizes the importance of synthetic methodology development in enabling efficient access to oxo-imidazoline derivatives and their analogs, allowing for further investigation of their biological and pharmacological properties. This review also aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the various biological properties such as anti-microbial (anti-fungal & anti-bacterial), anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesics, anti-virus, and miscellaneous activities (listed in Table 1) exhibited by potent oxo imidazoline derivatives. More than 50 scientific articles presenting more than 80 compounds have been reviewed. Figures and tables provide the most pertinent data that have been carefully extracted and organized.