A REVIEW ON EMERGING TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES IN ORGANIC FRUIT PRODUCTION

ABSTRACT Organic fruit production is becoming increasingly important as consumers seek healthy, chemical-free food. However, organic systems still face challenges such as high labour needs, pest and disease pressure, weed control issues, and lower yields. New technologies are helping to address these problems by offering precise, sustainable, and innovative solutions. This review discusses key technological tools such as precision agriculture, IoT devices, sensors, drones, and artificial intelligence, which support data-based decisions for better crop monitoring and resource use. Automation and robotics reduce labour requirements by performing tasks like weeding, pruning, and harvesting. Integrated pest management has improved through AI-driven pest detection and the use of beneficial biological agents, while nanotechnology provides targeted nutrient delivery and eco-friendly crop protection. Smart irrigation systems enhance water efficiency through automated and climate-based scheduling. Digital platforms and blockchain also increase transparency and market opportunities for organic products. Although high costs and limited technical knowledge remain challenges, these technologies offer strong potential to improve productivity, sustainability, and profitability in organic fruit production. The future of organic horticulture will rely on adopting accessible and farmer-friendly technologies that support sustainable and resilient farming.