A review of biosensing technologies for emerging detection: sensitivity, selectivity and accuracy comparison
Saroja Rijal, Uda Hashim, M.N. Afnan Uda, M.N.A. Uda, Achmad Syaifudin, WidyastutiPurpose
This review explores the advancement of biosensing technologies for emerging infectious disease detection, with an emphasis on COVID-19 pandemic. It aims to highlight the importance of sensitivity, selectivity and rapid diagnostic response in current and future healthcare challenges.
Design/methodology/approach
A comprehensive literature review was conducted on various specimen types, molecular diagnostic tools (RT-qPCR, ddPCR, CRISPR, RT-LAMP) and biosensor platforms such as electrochemical sensors, field-effect transistors (FET) and interdigitated electrode (IDE)-based systems. Each method was analyzed and compared in terms of detection limit, speed, specificity and real-world applicability.
Findings
Biosensor-based diagnostics, particularly those using electrochemical and FET methods, provide rapid and accurate results, making them suitable for point-of-care applications. IDE-based sensors further enhance sensitivity and allow label-free, real-time monitoring. These innovations offer reliable solutions for early disease detection, especially in decentralized or resource-limited settings.
Originality/value
This review integrates diverse diagnostic technologies into a unified framework, emphasizing the unique role of IDE-based electrical biosensors. By providing comparative insights and real-world performance evaluations, it contributes to the strategic development of next-generation diagnostic platforms for pandemic preparedness.