DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.1719507 ISSN: 1302-5805

A Retrospective Evaluation of Marginal Bone Loss Around Dental Implants Using Different Implant Systems

Gonca Deste Gokay, Kevser Karakaya
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Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate marginal bone loss (MBL) around different dental implant systems and its relationship with patient demographics, edentulism status, implant position, loading time, and prosthesis type. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one patients and 187 implants who underwent surgery between 2014 and 2018 were included. MBL was measured using panoramic radiographs taken immediately after implant placement and at 1-2 and 2-4 years post-surgery. Data on patient demographics, edentulism type, implant location, loading periods, and augmentation presence were recorded. MBL was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, pairwise comparisons, and t-tests. Results: MBL in the 1-2 year interval was significantly influenced by age, implant location, edentulism status, and prosthesis type. Bone loss was more significant in patients aged 70 and older, with the least observed in the 50-59 age group. Molar regions of the maxilla and mandible had the most bone loss, while the anterior mandibular region showed the least. Single-tooth edentulous patients experienced more MBL than completely edentulous patients. Loading time and prosthesis type also influenced MBL; early loading and overdenture prostheses resulted in less bone loss. Augmentation procedures were associated with greater bone loss in the 2-4 year interval. Conclusion: These results suggest that patient age, implant position, edentulism status, and prosthesis type are key factors influencing MBL within 1-2 years post-implantation. Augmentation procedures notably impacted bone loss in the 2-4 year period. These findings emphasize the importance of considering these factors to reduce bone loss and optimize implant outcomes.

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