A Resilience Metric Framework for Power–Transportation Coupled Systems Considering Bidirectional Interdependencies Under Typhoons

ABSTRACT

The rise of intelligent and connected transportation has deepened power–transportation interdependence. However, resilience assessment of these coupled systems under typhoons still faces two gaps: limited consideration of dual functionality and insufficient metrics for vulnerability propagation. To address these gaps, we extend the established multi‐phase resilience paradigm with a dual‐dimensional composite performance function. We then use a vulnerability‐propagation polarity index to quantify the direction and strength of cross‐system propagation and a counterfactual decomposition to separate vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G) supply benefits from dispatch‐induced congestion costs and assess the net contribution of V2G coupling. Results on two test systems show that coordinated restoration guided by the coupled metric reduces the composite resilience‐loss area by 10.5% and 20.3% relative to independent restoration under single‐system assessment. These gains arise mainly from prioritised restoration of intelligent and connected transportation infrastructure loads and V2G dispatch‐scale selection, whose cross‐system value single‐system assessment cannot capture.