A Quantitative Morphological Analysis of Shoulder Labrum Based on Resliced 3-Dimensional MRI FRACTURE (Fast Field Echo Resembling A CT Using Restricted Echo-Spacing)
Xing-Hao Deng, Ze-Yu Yao, Xin-Hao Li, Maslah Idiris Ali, Chen-Yang Meng, Yi-Tao Yang, Yi Long, Jing-Lian Zhong, Rui YangBackground:
The position of the anchor influences the outcome of glenoid labral repair. However, there is currently no standardized protocol of anchor positioning, and the morphological characteristics of the labrum at each clockface position remain poorly defined.
Purpose:
To quantitatively measure the glenoid labral morphology on each clockface position on 3-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to provide possible anchor placement guidance.
Study Design:
Case series; Level of evidence, 4.
Methods:
From July 2022 to June 2024, patients without glenoid labral lesion aged ≥18 years who underwent MRI protocol including 3D fast field echo resembling a CT [computed tomography] using restricted echo-spacing (FRACTURE) and 3D proton density–weighted (PDW) sequence were included. After reconstruction, the height of the glenoid bone, the height of the glenoid labrum, the width of the footprint of labrum on glenoid (GW), the width of the labrum (LW), and the angle of the slope were independently recorded by 2 observers.
Results:
A total of 58 patients were included. The GW measurements in the FRACTURE sequence were in good consistency with the 3D PDW sequence. The GW increased from superior to inferior and ranged from 2.23 to 4.54 mm, with a mean of 3.36 mm at 3 o'clock, 3.60 mm at 4 o'clock, 3.71 mm at 5 o'clock, and 4.54 mm at 6 o'clock. LW exceeded the bony footprint at most positions except at 6, 11, and 12 o'clock. The FRACTURE sequence showed excellent reproducibility (intra- and interobserver ICCs > 0.9 for most measurements).
Conclusion:
The resliced FRACTURE sequence was suitable for quantitative measurements of the glenoid labrum on each clockface position. The morphology of the labrum was position dependent.