A pilot study evaluating a low-cost virtual reality simulator for transesophageal echocardiography training in anesthesiology residents
Benjamin Gorbaty, Enrique Vergara Escudero, Serjey Gherciuc, Alexander Gherciuc, Tjorvi E. PerryBACKGROUND:
Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is an essential skill in perioperative and critical care practice. Traditional lecture-based instruction remains the standard for foundational training, but virtual reality (VR)–based platforms may enhance engagement and provide scalable, self-directed learning. This exploratory study evaluated the feasibility, educational impact, and learner satisfaction of a low-cost VR TEE training system for anesthesiology residents.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this randomized, single-center study, 19 anesthesiology residents (Post-Graduate Years 1–3) without prior TEE experience were assigned to lecture instruction or VR-based training. Participants completed baseline, immediate post-training, 1-month, and 3-month knowledge assessments evaluating TEE principles and clinical correlation. A post-training survey assessed satisfaction and perceived educational value.
RESULTS:
Both groups showed improvement in knowledge scores with retention at 1 and 3 months. There were no significant differences in mean scores between groups (control vs. VR: baseline 14.4 ± 3.6 vs. 14.9 ± 4.2,
CONCLUSIONS:
A low-cost VR platform for TEE education is feasible and well received by trainees. Although knowledge outcomes were similar to lecture-based instruction, higher learner satisfaction supports VR as a valuable supplement to traditional methods, particularly in programs with limited access to high-fidelity simulators.