DOI: 10.1039/d6ra07165a ISSN: 2046-2069

A multivariate approach to amperometric free chlorine monitoring: calibration, interference compensation, and application in water distribution systems

Guglielmo Emanuele Franceschi, Lisa Rita Magnaghi, Gian Paolo Quarta, Raffaela Biesuz

Multivariate amperometric sensing for free chlorine: optimized NEMO protocol compensates pH and conductivity effects, enabling stable, reagent‑free monitoring in real water networks.