A Multidisciplinary Model for Risk Management and Detection of Ageist Bias in Healthcare Systems in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

Background: The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), specifically Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS), into healthcare offers substantial efficiency but introduces critical ethical and legal challenges, particularly the perpetuation of systemic bias against older adults (“Digital Ageism”). While technological advances may improve care, they can violate fundamental bioethical principles when models are trained on unrepresentative data. Aim: This article argues that traditional clinical risk-management models are structurally insufficient to address opaque algorithmic bias and presents a conceptual, multidimensional governance framework designed to prevent the codification of human ageism into AI infrastructure. Methods: Drawing on systemic failures observed during the COVID-19 pandemic, the normative model integrates legal and governance standards aligned with the EU AI Act, Explainable AI (XAI) tools, and a three-phase implementation protocol. Results: To illustrate potential application without overburdening medical staff, the article introduces a theoretical Targeted Escalation Protocol and an Autonomous High-Load Safety Mode. The latter applies deterministic hardcoded constraints to contain age-dominant outputs during acute surges while preserving attending-clinician authority. The framework is explored through an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) thought experiment. Conclusions: The framework provides a structured roadmap for policymakers, ethicists, and healthcare administrators to move from reactive defensive medicine toward proactive ethical safety, safeguarding the dignity of the aging population while aiming to mitigate institutional legal exposure.