Er He, Junye Ren, Lie Wang, Fangyan Li, Luhe Li, Tingting Ye, Yiding Jiao, Dan Li, Jiacheng Wang, Yuanzhen Wang, Rui Gao, Ye Zhang

A Mitochondrion‐Inspired Magnesium–Oxygen Biobattery with High Energy Density In Vivo

  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Mechanics of Materials
  • General Materials Science

AbstractImplantable batteries are urgently needed as a power source to meet the demands of the next generation of biomedical electronic devices. However, existing implantable batteries suffer from unsatisfactory energy density, hindering the miniaturization of these devices. Here, a mitochondrion‐inspired magnesium–oxygen biobattery that achieves both high energy density and biocompatibility in vivo is reported. The resulting biobattery exhibits a recorded energy density of 2517 Wh L–1/1491 Wh kg–1 based on the total volume/mass of the device in vivo, which is ≈2.5 times higher than the current state‐of‐the‐art, and can adapt to different environments for stable discharges. The volume of the magnesium–oxygen biobattery can be as thin as 0.015 mm3 and can be scaled up to 400 times larger without reducing the energy density. Additionally, it shows a stable biobattery/tissue interface, significantly reducing foreign body reactions. This work presents an effective strategy for the development of high‐performance implantable batteries.

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