DOI: 10.1177/00202940241306690 ISSN: 0020-2940

A low-cost IoT-based real-time pollution monitoring system using ESP8266 NodeMCU

Ahmed Gueye, Mamadou Simina Drame, Serigne Abdoul Aziz Niang

Air quality in Africa has become a major public health issue. Initial assessments conducted in large African cities show that fine particle concentrations exceed the thresholds recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). We have developed a mobile device using the Internet of Things (IoT) to monitor particulate pollution levels (PM10, PM2.5), as well as other indicators. The key innovation of this project lies in the integration of a microcontroller (ESP8266 nodeMCU) that not only collects the data measured by the sensors but also transmits them to a server in real-time via Wi-Fi connectivity and the HTTP protocol. This device was installed on a vehicle for 1 month as part of an intensive measurement campaign conducted in the Dakar region of Senegal. The results obtained made it possible to identify the most polluted areas of the city (hot spots) and the peak pollution hours during the day.

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