A Hybrid Risk Assessment Framework for Material Conservation in Adaptive Reuse Projects

(1) Background: This study develops a hybrid assessment matrix for the early identification of material-related risks in adaptive reuse projects, with a particular focus on material conservation. The Material Conservation for Adaptive Reuse Risk Evaluation Matrix (M-CARE) integrates UNESCO Tools, the ICCROM ABC Method and its agents of deterioration, and the material damage classifications of the MDCS Damage Atlas. (2) Methods: The framework was tested through a case study of Issız Han, an Early Ottoman caravanserai. Risk mechanisms identified through M-CARE were compared with deterioration patterns documented after 18 years of post-reuse operation. The comparison focused on the degree of correspondence between predicted deterioration mechanisms and observed deterioration patterns. (3) Results: The findings indicate a high degree of correspondence between the deterioration mechanisms identified through M-CARE and the deterioration patterns documented during field surveys. In particular, moisture-related deterioration patterns showed substantial correspondence with the risks identified during the assessment stage. The results also highlight the influence of cumulative microclimatic factors and the value of complementary analytical approaches for evaluating long-term deterioration processes. (4) Conclusions: M-CARE provides a practical and rapidly applicable decision-support framework for the early identification and classification of material-related risks in adaptive reuse projects, supporting more informed conservation planning and proactive heritage management.