A House of Resilience Framework for Designing Resilient Logistics Systems: Conceptual Development and Application in Procurement

Contemporary logistics systems operate in increasingly volatile and uncertain environments, where disruptions and digital transformation jointly shape system performance and continuity. In this context, resilience has emerged as a critical capability; however, existing approaches often remain fragmented, representing resilience either as isolated capabilities or aggregated indicators, while lacking an integrated conceptual architecture for resilience assessment. This study introduces the House of Resilience (HoR) as a hierarchical conceptual architecture that represents resilience as an emergent multi-layer system property and operationalizes this concept through the Fuzzy House of Resilience Assessment Model (FHOR-RAM). The model applies fuzzy logic with linguistic variables, triangular fuzzy numbers, and a hierarchical Mamdani-type fuzzy inference system to capture uncertainty in expert assessments and aggregate resilience measures at both layer and system levels. The proposed framework is illustrated through a real-world procurement system case study conducted in a manufacturing company operating within a global supply network. The results indicate a moderate overall resilience level (RHoR = 0.402), with the weakest performance observed in the structural (R3 = 0.31), strategic (R4 = 0.33), and technological and risk assessment (R1 = 0.34) layers, while the operational and adaptive layer achieved a moderate resilience level (R2 = 0.51). The diagnostic analysis identified supplier dependency, lead-time instability, limited resilience governance, and insufficient digital capabilities as the principal resilience bottlenecks. Scenario analysis demonstrated that improvements targeting individual resilience dimensions provide only limited system-level gains, while coordinated development across multiple resilience layers enables a transition toward higher resilience levels (RHoR = 0.647). The findings confirm that resilience should be addressed as a multidimensional and multi-layer system property rather than as an isolated technological capability. The study demonstrates that fuzzy inference provides an effective operational mechanism for translating the House of Resilience conceptual architecture into an interpretable and decision-oriented resilience assessment framework under uncertainty. The study demonstrates that fuzzy inference provides an effective operational mechanism for translating the House of Resilience conceptual architecture into an interpretable and decision-oriented resilience assessment framework under uncertainty. The case study illustrates how the framework can support structured resilience diagnosis and identification of potential improvement priorities within a procurement system. However, broader empirical validation, including multi-company studies and integration with organizational data sources, remains necessary to further evaluate its transferability and practical deployment potential.