A cross-sectional study of variations in the estimated glomerular filtration rate, biochemical profile, and hematological profile of spray painting industry workers

IntroductionThere is a global increase in occupational exposure to solvents, some of which are suspected to cause acute or chronic toxicnephropathies in humans. However, limited studies have been done to evaluate the systemic effects of exposure to some of thecommonly used solvents such as paints.AimThe aim of the present study was to assess the effect of chronic exposure to paint fumes on renal and hepatic functions of industrial spray painters.MethodologyIn this cross-sectional study, 49 occupationally exposed male industrial spray painters who had served for greater than 5 yearswere evaluated for changes in renal, hepatic and hematological indices using standard instruments and results were compared withlevels in the unexposed (sex and age-matched) participants.ResultsSignificant changes in markers of renal, hepatic and hematological functions were observed in the exposed compared with unexposed participants including significant decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum levels of potassium(K+) and chloride (Cl-), and significant increases in serum levels of creatinine (Cr), sodium (Na+), urea (Ur) and uric acid (UA) inthe exposed compared to levels in the unexposed group. Abnormal serum levels of hepatic enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP) andhematological indices (PCV, total-RBC, nuetrophils, basophils, monocytes and lymphocytes) were also observed in the exposedcompared to levels in the unexposed participants.ConclusionProlonged exposure to paint fumes may be associated with a significant risk for hepato-renal dysfunction and hematotoxicity.Preventive measures should include limiting exposure and using antioxidant medications.