DOI: 10.11648/j.ajset.20261104.13 ISSN: 2578-8353

A Comparative Physicochemical and Adsorption Properties of Rice Husk, Cotton Stem, and Coconut Shell Biochar

Anjali Panigrahi, Sudipta Maity, Rinki Maharana
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As the world is moving towards ecofriendly solutions in every sector, crop residue management draws attention worldwide. This study investigates the transformation and characterization of abundant crop residues found largely in Gunupur, Rayagada locality like rice husk, cotton stem, and coconut shell into biochar adsorbents through pyrolysis. Biochar is not only a source of adsorption but also found to be a rich carbon source for soil rejuvenation. Comparative analysis divulges physiochemical properties as well as adsorption capacities of these adsorbents which will result in better environmental remediation. (SEM, BET, FTIR, XRD, and CHNS Analysis). The temperature for the results was 550°C. The CHNS elemental analysis entails that the cotton stem biochar has the highest carbon content of 57.923% followed by Coconut shell and rice husk. Meanwhile cotton stems have the highest nitrogen content of 2.189%. The BET surface area analysis reveals the highest pore size 59.995 m 2 /g that is of rice husk. At the same temperature cotton stem biochar has pore size of 3.6156 m 2 /g. XRD patterns in RH-B-001 shows multiple peaks implying good crystallinity Higher pyrolysis temperatures typically increase crystallinity, showing sharper peaks for ordered carbon structures. FTIR was done to observe surface functional groups after pyrolysis. RH-B-001 has moderate aromaticity and shows defined peaks for silicates.

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