A Case of Metastatic Choriocarcinoma Characterized Primarily by Splenic Hemorrhage

ABSTRACT

Choriocarcinoma is a highly malignant gestational trophoblastic tumor primarily affecting women of childbearing age, which can occur following either molar or non‐molar pregnancies. Although this aggressive malignancy frequently metastasizes to the lungs, vagina, and brain, involvement of the spleen, leading to splenic hemorrhage is extremely rare. This case report describes a 30‐year‐old woman who experienced splenic rupture and bleeding due to splenic metastasis from choriocarcinoma. The diagnosis was established through clinical presentation and imaging studies, and confirmed by histopathological examination of the resected spleen specimen. The patient successfully underwent surgery, received chemotherapy, and achieved significant clinical improvement. The rarity of splenic hemorrhage resulting from choriocarcinoma metastasis underscores the importance of considering choriocarcinoma in the differential diagnosis of non‐traumatic splenic bleeding, particularly in women of reproductive age. Early diagnosis along with timely surgical intervention and chemotherapy are crucial for preventing severe complications and improving patient prognosis.