A Biomimetic Microneedle Platform Using Neutrophil Membrane for Synergistic Antibacterial Therapy of MRSA Infection
Yihua Xu, Jiahe Wu, Yuxian Ye, Xiaolu Ma, Weitong Hu, Shengfei Yang, Jingyi Hu, Yunting Zhang, Xiaodi Guo, Hangjuan Lin, Nengming Lin, Zian Mao, Lei Gao, Jianqing GaoABSTRACT
Persistent bacterial infection has become life‐threatening challenge worldwide. Bacterial biofilm formation, causing induced antimicrobial resistance and suppressive immune microenvironment, is one of the critical pathways leading chronic and persistent infection. Herein, an integrated microneedle patch harboring neutrophil membrane and antibiotics is designed to elicit therapeutic in‐situ immunization for the management of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. When applied on the infected skin, microneedles can physically penetrate the biofilm barrier, helping the diffusion of antibiotics to kill the bacteria deep in the biofilm. After breaking the integrated structure of biofilm, neutrophil membrane tightly binds to the bacterial debris to enhance the phagocytosis of antigen‐presenting cells followed by the robust activation of T helper cells. Naïve B cells then differentiate to plasma cells or memory B cells to produce specific antibodies, thereby efficiently managing infection and preventing relapse. Overall, our study highlights the capability of eliciting therapeutic in‐situ immunization mediated by the integrated biomimetic microneedle, providing an attractive perspective for the treatment of persistent bacterial infection.