3D Scanning of Wood–Plastic Composite Decking After Cyclic Thermal Action

Wood–plastic composites (WPC) combine the properties of polymers and wood, providing an attractive alternative to traditional materials, particularly for terrace flooring. When exposed to various environmental conditions, WPCs are affected by factors, such as water and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Although most test methods for assessing the durability of these products have focused on changes in mechanical properties and linear dimensions, out-of-plane deformations (concavity and convexity) are often overlooked. This study focusses on evaluating the usefulness of the test method that allows for precise determination of these deformations after ageing. The test procedure involves exposure to classic weathering for decking boards, including moisture, UV radiation, and water spray, followed by three-dimensional (3D) scanning to track deformation after different exposure times. Analysis of variance was used to assess whether the sensitivity of this method is sufficient to detect minor deformations. Additionally, scanning electron microstructural images of the aged samples were examined to determine whether there was a relationship between the deformation and the microstructural changes. This study demonstrated the potential to use scanning methods for assessing the aspects of ageing resistance of this type of composite product in the context of deformation.