DOI: 10.66106/swcabp.20260306 ISSN: 3105-6652

2022-2023 学年临平区中小学生重点常见病流行趋势及防控策略研究

张兰 Lan Zhang, 韩荣荣 Rongrong Han, 郭艳强 Yanqiang Guo
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Abstract：Objective：To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and annual trends of key common diseases including myopia，abnormal blood pressure，scoliosis，dental caries and nutritional abnormalities among primary and secondary school students in Linping District，Hangzhou，so as to provide data support and practical evidence for developing scientific，targeted and implementable school health prevention and control strategies.Methods：Cluster sampling was used to collect physical examination data of students from 9 primary and secondary schools in Linping District in the 2022 and 2023 academic years，with a total valid sample of 25 991 individuals.Descriptive epidemiological methods were adopted to calculate the prevalence of each indicator.The χ2 test was applied to compare differences between the two academic years，as well as across gender，school stage and age groups，with the significance level set at α=0.05.Results：.he prevalence of myopia decreased from 62.23% to 59.77%，a drop of 2.46 percentage points，with an extremely statistically significant difference（P<0.001）.The prevalence of abnormal blood pressure increased markedly from 18.86% to 36.50%，an increaseof 17.64 percentage points（P<0.001）.The prevalence of scoliosis rose sharply from 0.48% to 8.40%，an increase of 7.92 percentage points（P<0.001）.The prevalence of primary dental caries increased from 18.60% to 21.16%（P<0.001）.No statistically significant differences were found in permanent dental caries and nutritional abnormalities between the two years.Conclusions：Phased achievements have been made in the comprehensive prevention and control of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Linping District.However，abnormal blood pressure，scoliosis and primary dental caries show a rapid upward trend，forming a pattern of “one decline and three rises” in students’ health status.It is necessary to establish an integrated prevention and control system featuring multi-disease co-prevention ，home-school-medical collaboration，and a closed-loop model of screening-intervention-follow-up，so as to continuously improve the health status of children and adolescents in this region.

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