DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.1952124 ISSN: 2149-0120

1-Aryl-2-Nitroethenes as Antimicrobial Additives for Lubricating Materials

Aida Yusifova, Mansura Huseynova, Tarana Dadashova, Gulshan Yusifzadeh, Rayyat Ismayilov, Sabina Ismayilova, Chinara Mammadli, Malakhat Abbasova, Barbaros Akkurt, Bahattin Yalcin
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This study presents the first systematic evaluation of 1-aryl-2-nitroethenes as antimicrobial additives in M-11 lubricating oils. A series of nine substituted derivatives (R = H, p-CH₃, p-OCH₃, o/p-F, o/p-Cl, o/p-OH) were synthesized via Henry condensation and characterized by FT-IR, ¹H NMR, and melting point analysis. Antimicrobial efficacy was assessed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404, and Penicillium chrysogenum ATCC 10106 using GOST 9.052-75 and GOST 9.082-77 protocols (n = 3, ANOVA, p < 0.05). Halogen-substituted derivatives (p-F, o-Cl) demonstrated superior activity (MIC 0.01–0.05% for bacteria; 0.01–0.025% for fungi), outperforming the commercial biocide 1,3-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3-diazacyclobutane (MIC 0.25–0.5%). Notably, 0.05% additive concentrations preserved the physicochemical properties of M-11 oil over 450 days, whereas untreated oil exhibited significant degradation. These results establish 1-aryl-2-nitroethenes as promising, cost-effective antimicrobial additives for industrial lubricants.

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