DOI: 10.66106/swcabp.20260303 ISSN: 3105-6652

团检人群中甲状腺结节检出率趋势及其与代谢指标的相关性分析

林华燕 Huayan Lin, 杨佳蓉 Jiarong Yang, 白思颖 Siying Bai, 陈聪慧 Conghui Chen, 刘彩越 Caiyue Liu, 顾庭语 Tingyu Gu
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Abstract：Objective：To analyze the annual trend of thyroid nodule detection rate among group health examination participants and explore the correlations between thyroid nodules and metabolic indicators such as obesity，glucose metabolism，lipid metabolism，and blood uric acid. Methods：Health examination data from 2020 to 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 97，241 valid examination records from 34，672 individuals were included，with annual sample sizes varying because some participants attended examinations in multiple years. Thyroid nodules detected by ultrasonography were used as the primary outcome. Annual detection rates were described and generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate temporal trends while accounting for repeated observations. A cross-sectional analysis was further conducted using 20，763 participants examined in 2024. Spearman correlation and multivariable logistic regression were used to assess associations with metabolic indicators. Results：The annual numbers of examination records were 17，846，18，931，19，487，20，214 and 20，763 from 2020 to 2024，respectively. Thyroid nodule detection rates were 31.08%，37.46%，40.91%，43.27% and 45.12%，showing an overall upward trend. The odds of nodule detection increased by approximately 15.1% per calendar year（OR=1.151，95%CI：1.140–1.162，P<0.001）. In 2024，the detection rate was higher in women than in men （49.86% vs. 41.34%，P<0.001），and increased across age and BMI categories. Participants with metabolic syndrome had a higher detection rate than those without metabolic syndrome （60.30% vs. 39.55%，P<0.001）. Multiple metabolic abnormalities were associated with thyroid nodule detection. Conclusion：Thyroid nodule detection increased overall during the study period，and female sex，older age and metabolic abnormalities were closely associated with nodule detection. Metabolic indicators may be incorporated into comprehensive risk assessment and stratified follow-up in health management settings.

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