DOI: 10.66106/swcabp.20260310 ISSN: 3105-6652

口腔低温护理预防血液系统恶性肿瘤患者化疗性口腔黏膜炎效果的 Meta 分析

曾毅 Yi Zeng, 胡建锋 Jianfeng Hu, 何歆怡 Xinyi He, 李振清 Zhenqing Li, 尹思钰 Siyu Yin
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Abstract：Objective: To evaluate the preventive efficacy and safety of oral cryotherapy for chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (CIOM) in patients with hematologic malignancies. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP were searched from inception to September 25, 2025. Randomized controlled trials comparing oral cryotherapy with routine oral care or a non-cryotherapy control were included. Study selection, data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. Random-effects models were used because of expected clinical heterogeneity across chemotherapy regimens and cryotherapy protocols.Results: Ten studies were included. Oral cryotherapy reduced the risk of CIOM (7 studies; RR=0.46, 95% CI 0.31–0.70; P<0.001; I2=65.1%), decreased mucositis severity (8 studies; SMD=-0.55, 95% CI -0.76 to -0.35; P<0.001; I2=35.5%), and shortened mucositis duration (3 studies; SMD=-1.48, 95% CI -2.30 to -0.65; P<0.001; I2=89.1%). The pooled estimate for reported adverse events was imprecise and did not reach statistical significance (RR=4.21, 95% CI 0.95–18.65; P=0.058). Formal small-study-effect tests were not performed because fewer than 10 studies contributed to each outcome. Conclusion: Oral cryotherapy appears to reduce the occurrence and severity of CIOM and may shorten its duration. Interpretation should remain cautious because intervention protocols were heterogeneous and some aerosol-based regimens incorporated concomitant agents.

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