DOI: 10.66106/syzyal.20250202 ISSN: 3105-6857

全身麻醉药物介导细胞衰老调控与组织再生修复的研究进展（Research progress of cell aging regulation and tissue regeneration and repair mediated by general anesthesia drugs）

陈雷 Lei Chen
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General anesthetics are used more and more in clinic, but its effect on the fate of cells, especially the process of cell senes-cence and the ability of tissue regeneration and repair, has not been gradually paid attention to until recent years. At present, the exist-ing studies mainly focus on the acute neurotoxicity of anesthetics or postoperative cognitive dysfunction, but there are still deffcien-cies in the systematic understanding of how it interferes with the cell cycle regulatory network at the molecular level for a long time, and affects the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and the repair efficiency after injury. In order to ffll this gap, this paper reviews the main signaling pathways of cell senescence mediated by general anesthesia drugs, and discusses the potential relationship between this process and the quality of tissue regeneration and repair. Integrating the existing literature on the changes in the expression of cell cycle inhibitors, telomere wear and the activation of aging related secretory phenotypes after exposure to narcotic drugs, this paper analyzed that the anesthesia induced aging microenvironment interfered with stem cell function and local immune response through paracrine mechanism, and weakened the potential of tissue regeneration. Different anesthetics have large heterogeneity in the regula-tion of aging related pathways, and their effects are dose and time-dependent, indicating that the choice of clinical anesthesia scheme may have a profound impact on the long-term rehabilitation track after surgery. This paper also discusses the theoretical feasibility of aging cell clearance strategy or aging phenotype regulator in reversing the adverse effects of narcotic drugs. This review introduces the basic biological concept of cell senescence into the discussion framework of perioperative medicine, provides a new theoretical perspective and potential intervention targets for optimizing anesthesia management strategies and promoting the recovery of postop-erative tissue function, and calls for future research to focus on the longitudinal association between anesthesia exposure and aging related chronic diseases.

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