DOI: 10.66106/lyyaa3.20260301 ISSN: 3105-675X

临床检验结果与临床诊断不符的危险因素及防控策略研究

杨璐 Lu Yang
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Abstract：Objective：To systematically analyze the core risk factors for inconsistency between clinical laboratory results and clinical diagnosis，sort out risk points throughout the whole testing process，clinical diagnosis?treatment and individual patient levels，and formulate targeted prevention?control strategies，so as to improve the accuracy of clinical laboratory tests，reduce diagnosis?treatment deviations and guarantee the quality of clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods： A total of 60 patients with inconsistent laboratory results and clinical diagnosis admitted to our hospital from October 2024 to October 2025 were selected as the experimental group，and another 60 patients with completely consistent laboratory results and clinical diagnosis during the same period were selected as the control group. The unqualified specimen rate and the incidence of non?standard testing operations were compared between the two groups. The distribution characteristics of inducing factors for diagnostic inconsistency in the experimental group were retrospectively analyzed. SPSS 22.0 statisticalsoftware was adopted for comparative data analysis.Results：The unqualified specimen rate and the rate of non?standard testing operations in the experimental group were 38.33% and 26.67% respectively，which were significantly higher than 5.00% and 3.33% in the control group，with statistically significant differences between groups（*P*＜0.05）. Among the 60 cases with diagnostic inconsistency，specimen?related factors accounted for the highest proportion of 41.67%（25/60），followed by clinical diagnosis?treatment and patient?related factors（30.00%，18/60），and testing operation and equipment?related factors（28.33%，17/60）. Specimen hemolysis，incomplete medical history collection and uncalibrated instruments were the predominant risk items among various inducing factors.Conclusion：The inconsistency between clinical laboratory results and clinical diagnosis is jointly affected by multi?dimensional factors including specimens，testing operations and equipment，clinical diagnosis?treatment and individual patients. Specimen?related problems serve as the primary risk factor，and specimen hemolysis，incomplete medical history collection and uncalibrated instruments are the key risk points leading to the inconsistency. Unqualified specimens and non?standard testing operations are important triggers for deviations between laboratory tests and clinical diagnosis，which markedly affect the accuracy of laboratory results. Targeted prevention?control measures should be established for key weak links such as whole?process quality control of laboratory testing，collection of clinical diagnosis?treatment information，equipment maintenance?calibration and patient management. Strengthening quality control in each link can effectively reduce the incidence of inconsistency events，and improve the accuracy of clinical laboratory tests and overall diagnosis?treatment quality.

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