Graphene Quantum Dots for Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

Sustainable solar fuels production through reduction of molecular CO₂ using photocatalysts would be an eco‐friendly and dependable source of energy for the future and for controlling the global warming. The growth of quantum dots, especially, the graphene quantum dots, a flat zero‐dimensional material offering unique properties like enhanced solar light absorption, surface reactivity, charge separation and migration efficiency, which are invariably systemizing high solar photocatalytic CO₂ reduction efficiency. This review discusses the insights of thermodynamics and kinetics of CO₂ reduction, followed by detailed encapsulation of modification strategies of GQDs and intrinsic analysis of CO₂ reduction utilising solar light. Progressively, the challenges and futuristic outlook of GQDs based photocatalytic systems for solar fuels production is also presented.

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