Cold Spray: Advanced Characterization Methods—X-Ray Diffraction

Abstract

This article series explores the indispensable role of characterization in the development of cold spray coatings. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a versatile tool for preliminary characterization of phases in cold spray coatings. Research studies have made use of XRD to characterize powders and as-sprayed coatings, to determine the extent of lattice strain, to identify phase transformations in as-sprayed versus heat treated conditions, and to measure grain size.